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  鸬鹚科Phalacrocracidae现存1属39种。广布于全世界的海洋和内陆水域,以温热带水域为多。大型的食鱼游禽,善于潜水,潜水后羽毛湿透,需张开双翅在阳光下晒干后才能飞翔。嘴强而长,锥状,先端具锐钩,适于啄鱼,下喉有小囊。脚后位,趾扁,后趾较长,具全蹼。栖息于海滨、湖沼中。飞时颈和脚均伸直。我国有5种:普通鸬鹚Phalacrocorax carbo、绿背鸬鹚Phalacrocorax capillatus、海鸬鹚Phalacrocorax pelagicus、红脸鸬鹚Phalacrocorax urile和黑颈鸬鹚Phalacrocorax niger。常被人驯化用以捕鱼,在喉部系绳,捕到后强行吐出。
 

欧鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax aristotelis
 

南美鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax bougainvillii
 

南非鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax capensis
 

弱翅鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax harrisi
 

绿背鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax capillatus
 

蓝眼鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax atriceps
 

皮岛鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax featherstoni
 

岸鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax neglectus
 

加州鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax penicillatus
 

小黑鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax sulcirostris
 

黑喉鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax nigrogularis
 

帕氏鸬鹚 P.perspicillatus(已灭绝)
 

长尾鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax africanus
 

角鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax auritus
 

普通鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax carbo
 

南极鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax brasilianus
 

南非鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax capensis
 

红脸鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax urile
 

红腿鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax gaimardi
 

冠鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax coronatus
 

印度鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax fuscicollis
 

弱翅鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax harrisi
 

岩鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax magellanicus
 

点斑鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax punctatus
 

科岛鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax melanoleucos
 

海鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax pelagicus
 

侏鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax pygmeus
 

斑鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax varius
 

 

鸬鹚科

Phalacrocracidae

 

 

 

 

 

鸬鹚属 Phalacrocorax
长尾鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax africanus (long-tailed cormorant)
欧鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax aristotelis (European shag)
蓝眼鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax atriceps (imperial shag)
角鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax auritus (double-crested cormorant)
南美鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax bougainvillii (Guanay cormorant)
南极鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax brasilianus (neotropic cormorant)
坎岛鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax campbelli (Campbell Island shag)
南非鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax capensis (Cape cormorant)
绿背鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax capillatus (Japanese )
普通鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax carbo (great cormorant)
毛脸鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax carunculatus (rough-faced shag)
铜鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax chalconotus (bronze shag)
奥岛鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax colensoi (Auckland Islands shag)
冠鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax coronatus (crowned cormorant)
皮岛鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax featherstoni (Pitt Island shag)
黑脸鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax fuscescens (black-faced )
印度鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax fuscicollis (Indian cormorant)
红腿鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax gaimardi (red-legged cormorant)
弱翅鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax harrisi (flightless cormorant)
岩鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax magellanicus (rock shag)
科岛鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax melanoleucos (little pied )
岸鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax neglectus (bank cormorant)
黑颈鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax niger (little cormorant)
黑喉鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax nigrogularis (Socotra cormorant)
查岛鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax onslowi (Chatham Islands shag)
海鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax pelagicus (pelagic cormorant)
加州鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax penicillatus (Brandt's cormorant)
点斑鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax punctatus (spotted shag)
侏鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax pygmeus (pygmy cormorant)
邦岛鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax ranfurlyi (Bounty Islands shag)
小黑鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax sulcirostris (little black cormorant)
红脸鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax urile (red-faced cormorant)
斑鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax varius (pied cormorant)
克岛鸬鹚 Phalacrocorax verrucosus (Kerguelen shag)